Shift in Maintenance Philosophy: From reactive (fix when broken) → to preventive (scheduled checks) → to predictive (data-driven, real-time decisions). Value Creation: Predictive maintenance can reduce downtime, cut costs, and extend equipment life, making it a strategic advantage, not just a technical tool. Enabling Technologies: IoT sensors, AI, Cloud/Edge computing, and 5G are the backbone of predictive maintenance. Real-World Impact: Saves billions globally by avoiding failures.